Although Turkish officials blamed the ambassador for the spat, the State Department said Bass had been operating with the full authority of the US government.
Bass is due to leave Turkey at the weekend after he was named the US envoy to Afghanistan earlier this year.
Erdoğan said on Thursday the United States was hiding a suspect in its Istanbul consulate who is linked to a U.S.-based FETO ringleader Gulen.
He also called attention to, in his statements on visa crisis, that U.S. consulate worker sought by Turkish police was "clearly tied" to U.S. based FETO ring leader Gulen who Turkey wanted extradited.
Halkbank Deputy GM is held in U.S. but he's not guilty, he also added.
He slammed the U.S.' stance on Turkey, and reiterated his criticism of U.S. support for the PKK terrorist group's Syrian wing the Democratic Union Party (PYD) and its armed branch the People's Protection Units (YPG).
Erdoğan stated that no one can claim the "terror corridor" formed south of Turkey is to fight Daesh, and the real aim is to besiege Turkey.
He also announced that Turkey would no longer use U.S. made Sig Sauer weapons in its police force.
The U.S. Embassy last week announced the suspension of non-immigration visas for Turkish nationals following the arrest of a Turkish employee at the U.S. Istanbul Consulate, prompting a tit-for-tat response from Ankara.
Ankara wanted to open a new page in relations with the US under President Donald Trump but a spate of issues have raised tensions, including the US refusal to extradite Gulen and American support for Kurdish militias in Syria.