BP is exiting its 19.75% shareholding in Russian oil giant Rosneft following pressure from the British government.
The oil firm's chief executive Bernard Looney is also resigning from the Rosneft board with "immediate effect," it said in a statement.
It came after British Business Secretary Kwasi Kwarteng held a virtual call with Looney for around 20 minutes on Friday to discuss the company's position.
BP chairman Helge Lund said: "Russia's attack on Ukraine is an act of aggression which is having tragic consequences across the region. '
"BP has operated in Russia for over 30 years, working with brilliant Russian colleagues.
"However, this military action represents a fundamental change. It has led the BP board to conclude, after a thorough process, that our involvement with Rosneft, a state-owned enterprise, simply cannot continue," the statement said.
Looney added: "Like so many, I have been deeply shocked and saddened by the situation unfolding in Ukraine and my heart goes out to everyone affected. It has caused us to fundamentally rethink BP's position with Rosneft. I am convinced that the decisions we have taken as a board are not only the right thing to do, but are also in the long-term interests of BP."
BP admitted last year that sanctions on Russia could be problematic for its business, as global leaders are lining up to impose an even more stringent economic retaliation against the Kremlin.
The company, which co-owns Rosneft with the Russian government, said in its annual report that "events in or relating to Russia, including trade restrictions and other sanctions, could adversely impact our income and investment in or relating to Russia."
Secretary Kwarteng said: "I welcome BP's decision to exit its shareholding in Rosneft oil company. Russia's unprovoked invasion of Ukraine must be a wake-up call for British businesses with commercial interests in (Vladimir) Putin's Russia."
