Thousands of Brazilians took to the streets of several cities Thursday in "defense of democracy" in the face of President Jair Bolsonaro's sustained attacks on the voting system, weeks ahead of elections.
The demonstrations were sparked by fears the far-right leader, lagging in opinion polls, would not respect the outcome of October's vote given his repeated attempts to cast doubt on Brazil's electoral system.
"After 200 years of independence in Brazil, we should be thinking about our future... but we are focused on preventing a regression," University of Sao Paulo rector Carlos Gilberto Junior told a gathering of hundreds of academics, business and trade union leaders and civil society members.
Outside the campus, thousands held up banners denouncing Bolsonaro and proclaiming: "Respect the vote, respect the people."
Some were dressed as electronic voting machines, whose exclusive use Bolsonaro has claimed makes cheating easier.
"Our president has already given indications that he will do everything possible to prevent elections," architect Sabrina Cunha, 62, told AFP.
"I was from the student movement during the military dictatorship (1964-1985), I know what awaits us," she added.
At the university gathering, a video was shown of Brazilian artists reading out of a petition "in defense of the democratic state of law."
The document, which was also read out at the King's College London university, has garnered more than 900,000 signatures.
"We are living a moment of great peril for democratic normality, of risk for institutions, with insinuations of non-compliance with election results," reads the text.
Several of Bolsonaro's election rivals have signed the petition, including leftist ex-president Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, who tweeted Thursday: "Our country used to be sovereign and respected. We need to get it back."
Bolsonaro, for his part, tweeted that "Today, a very important act took place on behalf of Brazil and of great relevance to the Brazilian people: (state oil company) Petrobras once again reduced the price of diesel."
Demonstrations were also held in Rio de Janeiro, Brasilia and Recife.
"It has been four years of much suffering... the moment is now: to organize ourselves so that he (Bolsonaro) does not win," said Brasilia demonstrator Mayrla Silva, a student aged 24.
Voters in Brazil cast their ballots electronically at voting stations.
But Bolsonaro has long argued for a paper printout to be made of each vote cast, suggesting the absence of a paper trail enables cheating.
He has not provided evidence of fraud, and the Superior Electoral Court insists the system is fair and transparent.
Last month, Bolsonaro repeated his claims at a meeting with foreign ambassadors, prompting the US embassy to later say Brazil's electoral system was a "model for the world."
His repeated attacks have led analysts to fear Bolsonaro may refuse to accept defeat like his former American counterpart Donald Trump, whose supporters stormed the US Capitol after he lost the 2020 election to Joe Biden.
Bolsonaro has also criticized the judges of Brazil's Supreme Court.
Several Brazilian business associations have published public letters of concern about the state of affairs, including the Brazilian Federation of Banks (Febraban) and the Federation of Industries of the State of Sao Paulo (Fiesp).
Brazil is experiencing an "unprecedented moment, in which capital and labor come together in defense of democracy", former justice minister Jose Carlos Dias said of the movement.
The criticism from the business sector is seen as a setback for Bolsonaro, who drew much support from it in his 2018 election.
According to the latest opinion poll by the Datafolha Institute, published on July 28, Bolsonaro lags 18 points behind Lula, the favorite to win the election with 47 percent of stated support.
