The Russian Defense Ministry said that two volunteer soldiers fired at other troops at a Russian military firing range near Ukraine, killing 11 and wounding 15 others, before getting killed.
The ministry said in a statement that the shooting took place in the Belgorod region in southwestern Russia that borders Ukraine. It said that the two volunteers from an unnamed ex-Soviet nation fired on other soldiers during target practice and were killed by return fire.
The ministry called the incident a terrorist attack.
"On October 15, two citizens of a CIS country committed an act of terror at training range of the Western military district in the Belgorod region," the defence ministry was quoted as saying.
The CIS, or Commonwealth of Independent States, was formed between republics that were part of the Soviet Union.
The ministry said the attack had taken place during a training session for volunteers for the special military operation in Ukraine.
"As a result, 11 people were fatally wounded. Another 15 people suffered injuries of varying gravity and were taken to medical facilities," news agencies said.
More than 200,000 people were conscripted into the Russian armed forces since the announcement of partial mobilisation on September 21.
The draft announcement sparked protests and several attacks on recruitment offices.