The world must do more to reduce the debt burden faced by low-income countries to avoid them entering a cycle of poverty and despair, Pope Francis said on Wednesday.
Global debt levels hit a record high of $313 trillion in 2023, with developing economies scaling a fresh peak for the ratio of debt to their gross domestic product, according to a study released earlier this year.
Addressing a Vatican conference on the debt emergency in the global south, Pope Francis said the problem was causing "misery and distress" for millions of people around the world.
"In order to try to break the debt-financing cycle, it is necessary to create a multinational mechanism ... that takes into account the global nature of the problem and its economic, financial and social implications," he said.
In 2020, the world's 20 largest economies agreed on a "Common Framework" to smooth the process of debt restructuring and help get poor countries back on their feet, but progress has been slow.
It has taken Zambia almost four years to drag itself out of default, leaving some hard lessons for richer nations about how their much-vaunted debt relief plan performed.
At present there is no overarching international law governing international bankruptcies.
"The absence of such a mechanism favours the mentality of 'every person for himself or herself', where the weakest always lose," said the pope, who comes from Argentina, a country that has defaulted on its debt three times this century.
"No government can morally require that its people suffer deprivations incompatible with human dignity," he added.
The Roman Catholic Church is due to hold a Holy Year, or Jubilee, in 2025 - one of the most important times in the Church calendar - and the pope has already called on wealthy states to mark the event by offering debt relief for poor nations.
Attending the Vatican conference, Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz said the COVID pandemic and war in Ukraine had given a major shock to the global economy, pushing the world to the "verge" of new sovereign debt crisis.
"We need a Jubilee debt restructuring and a re-ordering of our global economic architecture to make sure that it doesn't happen again," he said.
The global Jubilee 2000 campaign resulted in $130 billion of debt cancellation for poor countries between 2000 and 2015.
